One key element in many classic mysteries is the bit of evidence noticed by no one except a clever private investigator, who uses it to reconstruct events, eventually solving the case and naming the perpetrator. When stormy weather becomes a factor in legal actions, meteorologists are increasingly being asked to assume the role of detective. Forensic meteorology uses science to aid court proceedings that hinge upon contested weather conditions.
In a period of changing climate patterns, many regions around the world continue to record unusual weather events, some of which lead to considerable property damage. Although not always directly responsible for those losses, weather conditions can become a proven accomplice. One example is the unprecedented dry period being experienced in the western United States. It does not actually start fires, but does provide opportunity for an arsonist.
In the South, spring tornado outbreaks may be a natural phenomenon that usually ends quickly, but the legal repercussions can continue for years. A tidal wave of property insurance claims usually follows, and it is the job of investigators to determine whether the culprit was straight-line winds or the tornado itself. Each decision can result in significant expenditures for insurers, who commonly seek the help of meteorologists.
This practice is not new. As early as the 19th century, legal action was taken against a minister who prayed for rain, and instead got a wild thunderstorm. A local farmer sued, but lost, making this one of the first cases involving weather. Today, rather than discussing whether or not a particular storm was divinely sent, experts rely on scientific records and techniques developed in the 20th century.
Today, there is a wide spectrum of tools available to weather scientists. A vast array of satellites occupy geosynchronous orbits around the planet, constantly recording and transmitting atmospheric images. On the ground, weather stations keep detailed records, buttressed by regional Doppler radar and airport stations. The National Weather Service issues regular bulletins, and even the tides are tracked for abnormalities.
Nearly all of this data is stored electronically, and made available when required. Human recollections of a particular day may be hazy, but the records provide an accurate readout. A sudden, massive bank of fog may result in a huge vehicle chain-reaction pileup, and there may be legal need to determine visibility. Expert meteorologic testimony can help decide if the weather was totally to blame, or if unsafe speeds contributed to the destruction.
Laymen can access these reports, but rely on meteorologists for interpretation. A forensic weather scientist has the ability to amass general information surrounding an event, and then point out the most meaningful and relevant details. This helps other individuals involved in court proceedings to better understand the issues, including judges and juries. Facts override opinion, and can often be the final word.
People interested in pursuing a forensic weather career first earn a degree studying atmospheric science, including physics, mathematics, thermodynamics, physical meteorology and weather prognostication. Most then work for an advanced degree, and many eventually earn a salary far above average. In an era of increasingly erratic and dangerous weather, this field will continue to grow in relevance and legal significance.
In a period of changing climate patterns, many regions around the world continue to record unusual weather events, some of which lead to considerable property damage. Although not always directly responsible for those losses, weather conditions can become a proven accomplice. One example is the unprecedented dry period being experienced in the western United States. It does not actually start fires, but does provide opportunity for an arsonist.
In the South, spring tornado outbreaks may be a natural phenomenon that usually ends quickly, but the legal repercussions can continue for years. A tidal wave of property insurance claims usually follows, and it is the job of investigators to determine whether the culprit was straight-line winds or the tornado itself. Each decision can result in significant expenditures for insurers, who commonly seek the help of meteorologists.
This practice is not new. As early as the 19th century, legal action was taken against a minister who prayed for rain, and instead got a wild thunderstorm. A local farmer sued, but lost, making this one of the first cases involving weather. Today, rather than discussing whether or not a particular storm was divinely sent, experts rely on scientific records and techniques developed in the 20th century.
Today, there is a wide spectrum of tools available to weather scientists. A vast array of satellites occupy geosynchronous orbits around the planet, constantly recording and transmitting atmospheric images. On the ground, weather stations keep detailed records, buttressed by regional Doppler radar and airport stations. The National Weather Service issues regular bulletins, and even the tides are tracked for abnormalities.
Nearly all of this data is stored electronically, and made available when required. Human recollections of a particular day may be hazy, but the records provide an accurate readout. A sudden, massive bank of fog may result in a huge vehicle chain-reaction pileup, and there may be legal need to determine visibility. Expert meteorologic testimony can help decide if the weather was totally to blame, or if unsafe speeds contributed to the destruction.
Laymen can access these reports, but rely on meteorologists for interpretation. A forensic weather scientist has the ability to amass general information surrounding an event, and then point out the most meaningful and relevant details. This helps other individuals involved in court proceedings to better understand the issues, including judges and juries. Facts override opinion, and can often be the final word.
People interested in pursuing a forensic weather career first earn a degree studying atmospheric science, including physics, mathematics, thermodynamics, physical meteorology and weather prognostication. Most then work for an advanced degree, and many eventually earn a salary far above average. In an era of increasingly erratic and dangerous weather, this field will continue to grow in relevance and legal significance.
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